It makes a good title. Yet it is true: the unpronounceable name of
god is not only one verb, it is three tenses of one verb conflated into a
single, unpronounceable word, represented by the consonents YHWH, known
as the Tetragrammaton.
Christian scholarship contends
that the name is unpronounceable because ancient Jews "lost" or "forgot"
the pronunciation. Christian scholars claim they "reconstructed" that
pronunciation, and came up with Yaweh. Which is...wrong. They base
this "reconstructed" pronunciation on a small fund of knowledge--that
Hebrew consonants take a vowel--but that is where they stop.
Unfortunately, they stop too soon.
They translate the
Name as "I AM." which is also...not accurate. But the difficulty in
translating the NAME is that there no accurate translation is possible,
because of the complexity of the Name.
The Name is all
three forms of the third person masculine of the Hebrew verb "to be,"
past, present and future, combined into a single form.
Hebrew
verbs are based on a three consonant base, called the shoresh. (There
are exceptions to this--verbs that are based on two consonents, verbs
based on four consonants--but there are not many of those.) Each
consonant has a vowel. Occasionally, a consonant will have a sheva as
its vowel. There are two types of sheva: "sheva nach," (essentially a
"silent e," which is intended to either to end one syllable and begin
another or create and elision of consonants, and "sheva na" which is
pronounced as a short "e."
The verb "to be" is part of a class of verbs called "hollow verbs"
because the middle consonant ו (vav) can change into a י (yod). The shoresh of the verb "to be" is היה, HYH.
The
third person present masculine is written הֹוֶה. The middle consonant
ו "vav" is pronounced "v." The consonants are HVH. The vowels are ֹ
"o" and ֶ short "e." The third person masculine present tense is
pronounced "hoveh."
The consonant ו was
transliterated into the letter "w" by German scholars who pronounce "w"
as a "v". This is how the Tetragrammaton came to be transliterated as
YHWH, rather than as YHVH, which would be the correct transliteration.
The
future form of Hebrew verbs is distinguished by a prefix and a change
in the vowels of the verb. יְהִיֶה in the case of the third person
masculine, the prefix is י "yod," the vowels change from ֹ "o" and ֶ
short "e" to ְְ short "e," ִ "i," and ֶ longer short "e." It is
pronounced "yehiyeh." (The first short "e" is somewhere between an "e"
and an "i.")
The past tense of Hebrew verbs is the
three consonants which form the shoresh. The vowels change to "a." In
the case of the verb "to be," the consonants are היה and the vowel for
both consonants is ַ ָ which is pronounced as "a." The third person
masculine of the past tense is הַיַה.
The NAME, written
in Hebrew, combines the י "yod" prefix used in the third person
masculine, future, the ו "vav" consonant used in the third person
masculine present and the two ה which are the constant consonants of the
shoresh (the root which is determined by the consonants of the past
tense). It uses the vowels of the different tenses: the sheva of the
future and the "a" of the past tenses. Thus, the Name combines all
three tenses, past, present and future, in a single form.
The
Name is commonly written as יְהוָה. While it would seem reasonable to
pronounce this as "YeVah," it would not be so pronounced because the
second consonant lacks a vowel entirely. And, in Hebrew, each consonant
has a vowel.
To those who are familiar with Hebrew,
the lack of a vowel accompanying the second consonant indicates that it
is not possible to pronounce the name, because the omission of a vowel
for the second consonant says that it is not possible to know which vowel ִ( for the future tense, ֹ for the present tense, or ָ for the
past tense) should accompany the consonant.
If English
operated on the same principle, that each consonant had to be
accompanied by a vowel, the translation of the Name would be "willbeiswas." This is less than accurate, but it
gives an idea of why it is not possible to pronounce the Name. This is
also why translating the Name as "I AM" is...not accurate. Because "am"
is solely present tense, yet the Name encompasses all tenses in a
single unit.
Arguably, those who formulated the Name
used the third person masculine less because their image of a Supreme
Being was male than because י is the inclusive prefix for the 3rd person
masculine and feminine plural. ת, the prefix for the 3rd person feminine singular future, is also used for the third person feminine plural future, but only when the plurality of persons is exclusively female. The use of י as the future verb prefix is consistent with "Elohim," a plural form used inclusively for a group comprising both males and females.
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