Ok, you say, so maybe Lev 18:22 doesn't prohibit homosexuality. Lev 20:13 does.
Except,
of course, that it doesn't. In Lev 20:13, we again find משׁכבי אישׁה.
Specifically, the verse says אִשׁ אשׁר ישׁכבה את זכר משׁכבי אִשׁה בועבה עדו
שׁניהם מות יומתו דמיהם בם
"A man who will lie with a male in woman's beds both do ill, they will die, their blood on them."
That
sounds dire. I have translated "toevah" as "ill" because, as we have
seen, the severity of the translation depends on the proximity to the
Judean people. I am assuming, in this instance, that the proximity to
the Judean people is not the principal issue.
But we have noticed that Lev 18:22 does not make such a harsh declaration. מה נשׁתנה? How has this made itself different?
Lev 20:12 says אשׁ אהר ישׁכב את כלתו מות ימתו שׁניהם תבל עשׂו דמִהמ בם
A
man who lies with the woman he contracted to provide heirs for his son
(כלתו) both will die, they have made confusion (תבל). Their blood is on
them.
Lev 20:14 says אשׁ אשׁר יקח את־אשׁה ואת־אמה הוא באשׁ ישׂרפו אתו ואתהן תהיה זמה בתוככם
A man who lies with a woman who is also a mother will be burned with fire. There will be no immorality in your midst.
Le 20:14 says אישׁ אשׁר יתן שׁכבתו בבהמה מות יומת את הבֶהמה תהרגו
A man who gives himself to lie with an animal will die, the animal will be killed.
All
of these events have something in common--the possibility of producing
offspring the ownership of which creates problems: The man who lies
with the woman he has acquired to produce heirs for his son (think
Judah/Tamar), creates a situation whereby the ownership of the offspring
could disinherit the son for whom the woman was contracted.
The
man who lies with a woman who is already a mother creates the
difficulty of presuming to attempt to steal the offspring of another
man.
The man who gives himself to lie with an animal risks th animal producing offspring that is half-human half-animal.
So
again, rather than encountering a text that prohibits homosexuality, we
find a text in which ownership of the product of the union is a serious
legal question, the disputation of which is unwelcome.
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